CISTER Distinguished Seminar Series

February 24, 2012 - Composability and Predictability in the CoMPSoC Platform ¶

Benny Åkesson, Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands

Talk abstract:
System-on-chip (SOC) design gets increasingly complex, as a growing number of applications are integrated in modern systems. Some of these applications have real-time requirements, such as a minimum throughput or a maximum latency. To reduce cost, system resources are shared between applications, making their timing behavior inter-dependent. Real-time requirements must hence be verified for all possible combinations of concurrently executing applications, which is not feasible with commonly used simulation-based techniques. This presentation addresses this problem using two complexity-reducing concepts: composability and predictability. Applications in a composable system are completely isolated and cannot affect each other’s behaviors, enabling them to be independently verified. Predictable systems, on the other hand, provide lower bounds on performance, allowing applications to be verified using formal performance analysis. Five techniques to achieve composability and/or predictability in SOC resources are presented and we explain their implementation for processors, interconnect, and memories in the CoMPSoC platform.

Speaker Bio.:
Benny Akesson was born in Landskrona, Sweden in 1977. He earned a M.Sc. degree in Computer Science and Engineering at Lund Institute of Technology, Sweden in 2005. In 2010, He received his Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering at Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands, on the topic of "Predictable and Composable SoC Memory Controllers". This research was conducted in collaboration with NXP Semiconductors. Dr. Åkesson is currently working as an assistant professor at the Eindhoven University of Technology, where he is leading the memory research team in the Electronic Systems group at the faculty of Electrical Engineering. His research interests include memory controller architectures, real-time resource scheduling, performance modeling, and virtualization. He is the author of a book about memory controllers for real-time embedded systems.

Speaker's Homepage: http://www.es.ele.tue.nl/~kakesson/

February 3, 2012 - ¶

Daniel Mosse, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA

Speaker's Homepage: http://www.cs.pitt.edu/~mosse

January 20, 2012 - Toward Probabilistic End-to-End Delay Constraints in Automotive Design ¶

Patrick Meumeu Yomsi , Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France

Talk abstract:
The usage of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) and embedded software functions have now become very common within automobiles and their numbers keep increasing over the years. Hence, standards such as the Automotive Open System Architecture (AUTOSAR) have been developed for interoperability, maintainability, predictability, and analyzability reasons. The target of such standards is to enable the reusability of common interfaces to communication buses, real-time operating systems and services. However, realizing such standards also requires strong support from end-to-end design tool chains. In this talk, we describe some important analytical components which characterize the end-to-end timing properties of hierarchical heterogeneous systems. More precisely, we address research issues such as: (i) guaranteeing End-to-End constraints between stimuli and their corresponding responses, and (ii) providing a time budget decomposition for each ECU and each bus at system-design time. The framework presented here is built upon a component-based model of execution to assist system designers addressing these two issues while taking into account timing properties of the whole system.

Speaker Bio.:
Patrick Meumeu Yomsi received his Ph.D. degree in 2009 at the Université Paris Sud, Orsay, in France. He is Research Scientist in the TRIO Research unit, INRIA, France, partner of the European Project TIMMO-2-USE for the Design of a new standard for vehicles – TADL2. His research interests include real-time scheduling theory, real-time scheduling algorithms and real-time operating systems.

Speaker's Homepage: http://www.loria.fr/~meumeu

September 20, 2011 - Designing and Demonstrating Dependability in Autonomic Computing ¶

Ian Bate, University of York, United Kingdom

Talk abstract:
In this talk I will introduce the work that we have been doing on design for dependability. Specifically I will introduce some of the challenges faced when trying to build an assurance in the autonomic computing domain (including sensornets, swarm robotics, systems of systems, cooperating objects etc.). I will then specifically talk about some of the recent work that I have been involved with. I will first introduce the work we have been doing on anomaly detection for swarm robotics, then introduce some work on multi-modal routing protocols for sensornets, and finally talk about the work on dependability analyses and its relationship to run-time assurance.

Speaker Bio.:
Iain is a Senior Lecturer in Real-Time Systems at the University of York and a visiting professor at MDH. He frequently performs consultancy related to the development and certification of systems for a range of international companies. He is the director of a University spin off working in the safety sector. His research on novel approaches to developing and assuring dependable real-time systems is widely published in more than 80 papers in top conferences and journals such as IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, Computers and Industrial Informatics. He is also the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Systems Architecture.

Speaker's Homepage: http://www-users.cs.york.ac.uk/ijb/

September 10, 2010 - Privacy in Social Sensing ¶

Tarek Abdelzaher, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

Talk abstract:
The paradigm of social sensing has recently emerged, fueled by the proliferation of embedded sensing devices with communication capabilities in the possession of a wide segment of population, including smart phones, GPS devices, health and fitness sensors, smart power meters, and sensor-equipped game consoles. The increased availability of embedded sensing modalities to the common user opens the door for exciting new social and cyber-physical applications, built on top of data pools collected and shared by a community of self-selected individuals. Supporting such novel applications brings about several challenges pertaining to privacy of shared data in social cyber-physical systems and paradigms for physical data collection and modeling. This talk will describe experiences with infrastructure development to support social sensing applications, research challenges involved, analytical foundations to address these challenges, and some early results.

Speaker Bio.:
Tarek Abdelzaher received his B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in Electrical and Computer Engineering from Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, in 1990 and 1994 respectively. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Michigan in 1999 on Quality of Service Adaptation in Real-Time Systems. He has been an Assistant Professor at the University of Virginia, where he founded the Software Predictability Group until 2005. He is currently an Associate Professor at the Department of Computer Science, the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign. He has authored/coauthored more than 150 refereed publications in real-time computing, distributed systems, sensor networks, and control. He is Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Real-Time Systems, an Associate Editor of the IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, the ACM Transaction on Sensor Networks, and the Ad Hoc Networks Journal. He was Program Chair of RTAS 2004, RTSS 2006, IPSN 2010, and ICDCS 2010, and General Chair of RTAS 2005, IPSN 2007, RTSS 2007, DCoSS 2008 and Sensys 2008. Abdelzaher's research interests lie broadly in understanding and controlling the temporal properties of software systems in the face of increasing complexity, distribution, and degree of embedding in an external physical environment. Tarek Abdelzaher is a member of IEEE and ACM.

Speaker's Homepage: http://www.cs.uiuc.edu/homes/zaher/

July 13, 2010 - Message Scheduling in TT Protocols¶

Zdenek Hanzalek, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic

Talk abstract:
This talk presents the algorithms that allow creating of a static schedule for Profinet IO IRT (an industrial Ethernet protocol standardized in IEC61158), IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee (beacon enabled cluster-tree Wireless Sensor Network) and preliminary results for FlexRay. Furthermore, the problem is extended by useful temporal constraints (i.e. release dates, deadlines and end-to-end deadlines of the messages) providing a greater flexibility with respect to the individual messages. Due to this flexibility, it is possible to place the selected messages in various parts of the communication cycle (in order to increase the computational time available for the main-controller application, or to retransmit the message without hold-up in the router, or to add new messages into original schedule). The solution is based on a formulation of the scheduling problem in terms of the Resource Constrained Project Scheduling with Temporal Constraints. Experiments (computations, simulations and the ones with real HW) show that these algorithms are applicable to industrial-size problems.

Speaker's Homepage: http://dce.felk.cvut.cz/hanzalek/

November 3, 2009 - Integrating Real-World Services in Modern Enterprises ¶

Stamatis Karnouskos, SAP Research, Germany

Talk abstract:
Modern enterprises operate on a global scale and depend on complex business processes. Business continuity needs to be guaranteed, and therefore efficient information acquisition, evaluation and interaction with the real world is of key importance. The infrastructure envisioned is a heterogeneous one, where millions devices are interconnected, ready to receive instructions and create event notifications, and where the most advanced ones depict self-behavior (e.g. self-management, self-healing, self-optimization etc) and collaborate. This can lead to a paradigm change as business logic can now be intelligently distributed to several layers such as the network or even the device layer creating new opportunities but also challenges that need to be assessed. Future Enterprise Services will be in position to better integrate state and events of the physical world in a timely manner, and hence to lead to more diverse, highly dynamic and efficient business applications.

Speaker Bio.:
Stamatis Karnouskos is with SAP Research (www.sap.com) where he investigates the added value of integrating networked embedded devices in enterprise systems.

October 28, 2009 - A Timeband Framework for Modelling Real-Time Systems¶

Alan Burns, University of York, UK

Talk abstract:
Complex real-time systems, must integrate physical processes with digital control, human operation and organizational structures. New scientific foundations are required for specifying, designing and implementing these systems. One key challenge is to cope with the wide range of time scales and dynamics inherent in such systems. To exploit the unique properties of time, with the aim of producing more dependable computer-based systems it is desirable to explicitly identify distinct time bands in which the system is situated. Such a framework enables the temporal properties and associated dynamic behaviour of existing systems to be described and the requirements for new or modified systems to be specified. A system model based on a finite set of distinct time bands is motivated and described in this talk.

Speaker Bio.:
Professor Alan Burns is a member of the Department of Computer Science, University of York, U.K. His research interests cover a number of aspects of real-time systems including the assessment of languages for use in the real-time domain, distributed operating systems, the formal specification of scheduling algorithms and implementation strategies, and the design of dependable user interfaces to real-time applications. Professor Burns has authored/co-authored 450 papers/reports and 15 books. Many of these are in the real-time area. His teaching activities include courses in Operating Systems and Real-time Systems. He is a member of ARTIST - the EU Centre of Excellence in Real-Time and Embedded Systems. He is editor of a recent review of real-time programming languages. In 2009 Professor Burns was elected a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering.

Speaker's Homepage: http://www-users.cs.york.ac.uk/~burns/

June 5, 2009 - A Dynamic Scheduling Approach to Designing Flexible Safety-Critical Systems¶

Luís Almeida, FEUP, Portugal

Talk abstract:
The design of safety-critical systems has typically adopted static techniques to simplify error detection and fault tolerance. However, economic pressure to reduce costs is exposing the limitations of those techniques in terms of efficiency in the use of system resources. In some industrial domains, such as the automotive, this pressure is too high, and other approaches to safety must be found, e.g., capable of providing some kind of fault tolerance but with graceful degradation to lower costs, or also capable of adapting to instantaneous requirements to better use the computational/communication resources.

This paper analyses the development of systems that exhibit such level of flexibility, allowing the system configuration to evolve within a well-defined space. Two options are possible, one starting from the typical static approach but introducing choice points that are evaluated only at runtime, and another one starting from an open systems approach but delimiting the space of possible adaptations. The paper follows the latter and presents a specific contribution, namely, the concept of local utilization bound, which supports a fast and efficient schedulability analysis for on-line resource management that assures continued safe operation. Such local bound is derived off-line for the specific set of possible configurations, and can be significantly higher than any generic non-necessary utilization bound such as the well known Liu and Layland's bound for Rate-Monotonic scheduling.

Paper: A Dynamic Scheduling Approach to Designing Flexible Safety-Critical Systems (pdf)